Thompson, at the age of 20, may have the opportunity to make his debut in League Two when facing Gillingham.
He told Chesterfield's website: "It’s a good opportunity for me to try and get some games under my belt – hopefully prove what I can do.
“I’m quite a proactive goalkeeper. I like to stay high, come off my line and come for crosses.
"I’d like to think I’ve got a bit of everything.”